Kleibergen, F. and Kong, L. (2025). Identification robust inference for the risk premium in term structure models Journal of Econometrics, 248.

We propose identification robust statistics for testing hypotheses on the risk premia in dynamic affine term structure models. We do so using the moment equation specification proposed in Adrian et al. (2013). Statistical inference based on their three-stage estimator requires knowledge of the risk factors{\textquoteright} quality and can be misleading when the {\textquoteright}s are weak, which results when sampling errors are of comparable order of magnitude as the risk factor loadings. We extend the subset (factor) Anderson–Rubin test from Guggenberger et al. (2012) to models with multiple dynamic factors and time-varying risk prices. It provides a computationally tractable manner to conduct identification robust tests on a few risk premia when a larger number is present. We use it to analyze potential identification issues arising in the data from Adrian et al. (2013) for which we show that some factors, though potentially weak, may drive the time variation of risk prices, and weak identification issues are more prominent in multi-factor models.