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Mattera, R. and Franses, P.H. (2026). Analyzing convergence across African economies while allowing for measurement errors Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 104.


  • Journal
    Socio-Economic Planning Sciences

We propose a new spatio-temporal hierarchical clustering approach that is suitable for clustering African countries based on Gross Domestic Product under measurement error. To accommodate for measurement error, we use slave trade as an instrument. Furthermore, we extend our method to allow for a range of macroeconomic indicators, instead of just GDP. We document that our findings largely agree on the degree of convergence.